Subtraction Table
Subtraction is an arithmetic operation that is used to find the difference between different quantities. A subtraction table is a pattern of arrangement of numbers that helps us to find the difference between numbers by observation. We will be learning about subtraction tables and subtraction charts in this article along with examples.
| 1. | What is a Subtraction Table? |
| 2. | Subtraction Chart 1-12 |
| 3. | FAQs on Subtraction Table |
What is a Subtraction Table?
A subtraction table is defined as the arrangement of numbers in a specific pattern wherein the same set of numbers are written in the topmost row and the left-most column. As the name suggests, the arithmetic operation used to fill the subtraction table is the subtraction operation denoted by (-). A subtraction table also known as a subtraction chart helps us to find the difference between two numbers without actual calculation. In subtraction, the first number from which the quantity has to be subtracted is known as minuend and the second number that is being subtracted is known as a subtrahend. To fill a particular row of a subtraction table, we will follow the logic of subtracting numbers keeping the subtrahend constant and changing the minuend to fill in all the entries of that corresponding row. For example, 1 - 1 = 0, 2 - 1 = 1, 3 - 1 = 2 and so on.
Subtraction Chart 1-12
We will be understanding the subtraction chart 1 - 12 in this section. The subtraction chart uses the subtraction operation wherein the result of subtracting two numbers is obtained by considering the minuend from the set of horizontal numbers written on top and the subtrahend from the vertical set of numbers written towards the left. The result is then filled in the corresponding rows. Let's look into the subtraction chart 1 - 12 as shown below.
Description of Subtraction Table Chart
To fill the values of a particular row of a subtraction table chart, we keep the corresponding column value constant that is being subtracted from all the values of the topmost row. Each time we change a row, the corresponding column value also changes and this process continues until all the 12 rows are filled starting from 1 to 12. Let's understand how to read and write the subtraction chart.
Writing Subtraction Table Chart
Let's understand writing the subtraction table chart as described below.
- For the first row, we will consider the second number (subtrahend) as a constant which is the first element of the numbers written in the left most column i.e., 1 and keep changing the first number (minuend) vertically starting from the first entry of the numbers written in the top most row. Hence, we will have the operation as follows 12 - 1 = 11, 11 - 1 = 10, 10 - 1 = 9, 9 - 1 = 8, 8 - 1 = 7, 7 - 1 = 6, 6 - 1 = 5, 5 - 1 = 4, 4 - 1 = 3, 3 - 1 = 2, 2 - 1 = 1, 1 - 1 = 0. Thus, the entries of the first row are 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.
- Similarly, to fill in the second row we will take the subtrahend as the second element of left most column that is 2 and keep it fixed. We will now change the minuend vertically as follows, 12 - 2 = 10, 11 - 2 = 9, 10 - 2 = 8, 9 - 2 = 7, 8 - 2 = 6, 7 - 2 = 5, 6 - 2 = 4, 5 - 2 = 3, 4 - 2 = 2, 3 - 2 = 1, 2 - 2 = 0, 1 - 2 = - 1. Therefore, the elements of the second row are 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, - 1. In the same way, we can create a subtraction table on our own.
Reading Subtraction Table Chart
Let's now understand how to read the subtraction table chart as described below.
- To read the subtraction table chart, let's take an example of 11 - 9. We go down the row which has the number 9 and across the column which has the number 11. At this point of intersection, the corresponding entry in the subtraction table shows result 2.
- Note that, for 9 - 11, the operation is exactly the opposite. We go down the row till 11 and across the column till 9, the corresponding entry in the subtraction table chart is - 2.
Therefore, we conclude that the difference between two numbers can be easily found by just observing the intersection of corresponding rows and columns of the subtrahend and the minuend respectively.
Let's look into the individual subtraction tables of 1 - 12 based on which the rows of the subtraction table chart are filled.
|
Subtraction Table of 1 |
|---|
| 1 - 1 = 0 |
| 2 - 1 = 1 |
| 3 - 1 = 2 |
| 4 - 1 = 3 |
| 5 - 1 = 4 |
| 6 - 1 = 5 |
| 7 - 1 = 6 |
| 8 - 1 = 7 |
| 9 - 1 = 8 |
| 10 - 1 = 9 |
| 11 - 1 = 10 |
| 12 - 1 = 11 |
|
Subtraction Table for 2 |
|---|
| 1 - 2 = - 1 |
| 2 - 2 = 0 |
| 3 - 2 = 1 |
| 4 - 2 = 2 |
| 5 - 2 = 3 |
| 6 - 2 = 4 |
| 7 - 2 = 5 |
| 8 - 2 = 6 |
| 9 - 2 = 7 |
| 10 - 2 = 8 |
| 11 - 2 = 9 |
| 12 - 2 = 10 |
|
Subtraction Table for 3 |
|---|
| 1 - 3 = - 2 |
| 2 - 3 = - 1 |
| 3 - 3 = 0 |
| 4 - 3 = 1 |
| 5 - 3 = 2 |
| 6 - 3 = 3 |
| 7 - 3 = 4 |
| 8 - 3 = 5 |
| 9 - 3 = 6 |
| 10 - 3 = 7 |
| 11 - 3 = 8 |
| 12 - 3 = 9 |
|
Subtraction Table for 4 |
|---|
| 1 - 4 = - 3 |
| 2 - 4 = - 2 |
| 3 - 4 = - 1 |
| 4 - 4 = 0 |
| 5 - 4 = 1 |
| 6 - 4 = 2 |
| 7 - 4 = 3 |
| 8 - 4 = 4 |
| 9 - 4 = 5 |
| 10 - 4 = 6 |
| 11 - 4 = 7 |
| 12 - 4 = 8 |
|
Subtraction Table for 5 |
|---|
| 1 - 5 = - 4 |
| 2 - 5 = - 3 |
| 3 - 5 = - 2 |
| 4 - 5 = - 1 |
| 5 - 5 = 0 |
| 6 - 5 = 1 |
| 7 - 5 = 2 |
| 8 - 5 = 3 |
| 9 - 5 = 4 |
| 10 - 5 = 5 |
| 11 - 5 = 6 |
| 12 - 5 = 7 |
|
Subtraction Table for 6 |
|---|
| 1 - 6 = - 5 |
| 2 - 6 = - 4 |
| 3 - 6 = - 3 |
| 4 - 6 = - 2 |
| 5 - 6 = - 1 |
| 6 - 6 = 0 |
| 7 - 6 = 1 |
| 8 - 6 = 2 |
| 9 - 6 = 3 |
| 10 - 6 = 4 |
| 11 - 6 = 5 |
| 12 - 6 = 6 |
|
Subtraction Table for 7 |
|---|
| 1 - 7 = - 6 |
| 2 - 7 = - 5 |
| 3 - 7 = - 4 |
| 4 - 7 = - 3 |
| 5 - 7 = - 2 |
| 6 - 7 = - 1 |
| 7 - 7 = 0 |
| 8 - 7 = 1 |
| 9 - 7 = 2 |
| 10 - 7 = 3 |
| 11 - 7 = 4 |
| 12 - 7 = 5 |
|
Subtraction Table for 8 |
|---|
| 1 - 8 = - 7 |
| 2 - 8 = - 6 |
| 3 - 8 = - 5 |
| 4 - 8 = - 4 |
| 5 - 8 = - 3 |
| 6 - 8 = - 2 |
| 7 - 8 = - 1 |
| 8 - 8 = 0 |
| 9 - 8 = 1 |
| 10 - 8 = 2 |
| 11 - 8 = 3 |
| 12 - 8 = 4 |
|
Subtraction Table for 9 |
|---|
| 1 - 9 = - 8 |
| 2 - 9 = - 7 |
| 3 - 9 = - 6 |
| 4 - 9 = - 5 |
| 5 - 9 = - 4 |
| 6 - 9 = - 3 |
| 7 - 9 = - 2 |
| 8 - 9 = - 1 |
| 9 - 9 = 0 |
| 10 - 9 = 1 |
| 11 - 9 = 2 |
| 12 - 9 = 3 |
|
Subtraction Table for 10 |
|---|
| 1 - 10 = - 9 |
| 2 - 10 = - 8 |
| 3 - 10 = - 7 |
| 4 - 10 = - 6 |
| 5 - 10 = - 5 |
| 6 - 10 = - 4 |
| 7 - 10 = - 3 |
| 8 - 10 = - 2 |
| 9 - 10 = - 1 |
| 10 - 10 = 0 |
| 11 - 10 = 1 |
| 12 - 10 = 2 |
|
Subtraction Table for 11 |
|---|
| 1 - 11 = - 10 |
| 2 - 11 = - 9 |
| 3 - 11 = - 8 |
| 4 - 11 = - 7 |
| 5 - 11 = - 6 |
| 6 - 11 = - 5 |
| 7 - 11 = - 4 |
| 8 - 11 = - 3 |
| 9 - 11 = - 2 |
| 10 - 11 = - 1 |
| 11 - 11 = 0 |
| 12 - 11 = 1 |
|
Subtraction Table for 12 |
|---|
| 1 - 12 = - 11 |
| 2 - 12 = - 10 |
| 3 - 12 = - 9 |
| 4 - 12 = - 8 |
| 5 - 12 = - 7 |
| 6 - 12 = - 6 |
| 7 - 12 = - 5 |
| 8 - 12 = - 4 |
| 9 - 12 = - 3 |
| 10 - 12 = - 2 |
| 11 - 12 = - 1 |
| 12 - 12 = 0 |
Related Articles
Check the following articles related to the subtraction table.
Subtraction Table Examples
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Example 2: How will you find the value of 12 - 2 by reading the subtraction table? Describe briefly.
Solution: To calculate the value of 12 - 2 by observing the subtraction table, we go down the row till 2 and across the column till the number 12. The corresponding entry at the intersection point of these two values in the subtraction table shows 10.
FAQs on Subtraction Table
What is a Subtraction Table?
A subtraction table is a tabular representation of numbers arranged in rows and columns that helps us to calculate the difference between two numbers just by observation without performing the actual calculation.
How to Write Subtraction Table?
To write a subtraction table we always choose a particular row to be filled one at a time. To fill the nth row, we fix the subtrahend as n and vary the minuend accordingly. For example, let's say in a subtraction table 1 - 10 we have to fill the sixth-row entries. To do this, we fix the subtrahend as 6 and vary the minuend as 10, 9, 8,...,1. The calculation goes as follows, 10 - 6, 9 - 6, 8 - 6,...1 - 6, and therefore the entries of the sixth row will go in this pattern 4, 3, 2,...,- 5.
How to Read Subtraction Table?
To read the subtraction table, we look into the subtrahend and minuend given and observe them down the row and across the column to find their intersection point in the table. For example, to calculate 8 - 4, we go down the row till the subtrahend (4) and across the column till the minuend (8). The result will be the intersection point in the subtraction table that will give us 4.
How to Make a Subtraction Chart?
A subtraction chart is made by first placing the same set of numbers on the topmost row and the left-most column and the entries are made by fixing the subtrahend according to the row being filled and the minuend is changed each time to get the values. To fill row 5 we will fix the subtrahend as 5 and keep changing the minuend as follows, 10 - 5, 9 - 5, 8 - 5,... 1 - 5. Thus, the row 5 entries will be 5, 4, 3..., - 4.
How to Use a Subtraction Table?
The subtraction table works by the arrangement of the same set of numbers in the topmost row and the leftmost column. Each time a particular subtrahend is fixed in the row and the minuend is varied throughout the columns to perform the subtraction and write the result. For example, to fill in the second row, we keep the number 2 fixed and keep changing the minuend such as 10 - 2, 9 - 2, 8 - 2... and so on. For reading the results, the intersection of the subtrahend and minuend is seen down the row and across the column to determine the result. For example, to calculate 9 - 3 we go down the row till number 3 and across the column till number 9. The intersection point of these will give the result in the table as 6.