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LCM of 12, 16, and 18

LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is the smallest number among all common multiples of 12, 16, and 18. The first few multiples of 12, 16, and 18 are (12, 24, 36, 48, 60 . . .), (16, 32, 48, 64, 80 . . .), and (18, 36, 54, 72, 90 . . .) respectively. There are 3 commonly used methods to find LCM of 12, 16, 18 - by listing multiples, by prime factorization, and by division method.

1.	LCM of 12, 16, and 18
2.	List of Methods
3.	Solved Examples
4.	FAQs

What is the LCM of 12, 16, and 18?

Answer: LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is 144.

Explanation:

The LCM of three non-zero integers, a(12), b(16), and c(18), is the smallest positive integer m(144) that is divisible by a(12), b(16), and c(18) without any remainder.

Methods to Find LCM of 12, 16, and 18

Let's look at the different methods for finding the LCM of 12, 16, and 18.

By Prime Factorization Method
By Listing Multiples
By Division Method

LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by Prime Factorization

Prime factorization of 12, 16, and 18 is (2 × 2 × 3) = 2² × 3¹, (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) = 2⁴, and (2 × 3 × 3) = 2¹ × 3² respectively. LCM of 12, 16, and 18 can be obtained by multiplying prime factors raised to their respective highest power, i.e. 2⁴ × 3² = 144.
Hence, the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by prime factorization is 144.

LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by Listing Multiples

To calculate the LCM of 12, 16, 18 by listing out the common multiples, we can follow the given below steps:

Step 1: List a few multiples of 12 (12, 24, 36, 48, 60 . . .), 16 (16, 32, 48, 64, 80 . . .), and 18 (18, 36, 54, 72, 90 . . .).
Step 2: The common multiples from the multiples of 12, 16, and 18 are 144, 288, . . .
Step 3: The smallest common multiple of 12, 16, and 18 is 144.

∴ The least common multiple of 12, 16, and 18 = 144.

LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by Division Method

To calculate the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by the division method, we will divide the numbers(12, 16, 18) by their prime factors (preferably common). The product of these divisors gives the LCM of 12, 16, and 18.

Step 1: Find the smallest prime number that is a factor of at least one of the numbers, 12, 16, and 18. Write this prime number(2) on the left of the given numbers(12, 16, and 18), separated as per the ladder arrangement.
Step 2: If any of the given numbers (12, 16, 18) is a multiple of 2, divide it by 2 and write the quotient below it. Bring down any number that is not divisible by the prime number.
Step 3: Continue the steps until only 1s are left in the last row.

The LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is the product of all prime numbers on the left, i.e. LCM(12, 16, 18) by division method = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 144.

☛ Also Check:

LCM of 12, 16, and 18 Examples

Example 1: Verify the relationship between the GCD and LCM of 12, 16, and 18.

Solution:

The relation between GCD and LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is given as,
LCM(12, 16, 18) = [(12 × 16 × 18) × GCD(12, 16, 18)]/[GCD(12, 16) × GCD(16, 18) × GCD(12, 18)]
⇒ Prime factorization of 12, 16 and 18:
- 12 = 2² × 3¹
- 16 = 2⁴
- 18 = 2¹ × 3²
∴ GCD of (12, 16), (16, 18), (12, 18) and (12, 16, 18) = 4, 2, 6 and 2 respectively.
Now, LHS = LCM(12, 16, 18) = 144.
And, RHS = [(12 × 16 × 18) × GCD(12, 16, 18)]/[GCD(12, 16) × GCD(16, 18) × GCD(12, 18)] = [(3456) × 2]/[4 × 2 × 6] = 144
LHS = RHS = 144.
Hence verified.
Example 2: Calculate the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 using the GCD of the given numbers.

Solution:

Prime factorization of 12, 16, 18:
- 12 = 2² × 3¹
- 16 = 2⁴
- 18 = 2¹ × 3²
Therefore, GCD(12, 16) = 4, GCD(16, 18) = 2, GCD(12, 18) = 6, GCD(12, 16, 18) = 2
We know,
LCM(12, 16, 18) = [(12 × 16 × 18) × GCD(12, 16, 18)]/[GCD(12, 16) × GCD(16, 18) × GCD(12, 18)]
LCM(12, 16, 18) = (3456 × 2)/(4 × 2 × 6) = 144
⇒LCM(12, 16, 18) = 144
Example 3: Find the smallest number that is divisible by 12, 16, 18 exactly.

Solution:

The smallest number that is divisible by 12, 16, and 18 exactly is their LCM.
⇒ Multiples of 12, 16, and 18:
- Multiples of 12 = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, . . . .
- Multiples of 16 = 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, . . . .
- Multiples of 18 = 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108, 126, 144, . . . .
Therefore, the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is 144.

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FAQs on LCM of 12, 16, and 18

What is the LCM of 12, 16, and 18?

The LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is 144. To find the least common multiple (LCM) of 12, 16, and 18, we need to find the multiples of 12, 16, and 18 (multiples of 12 = 12, 24, 36, 48 . . . . 144 . . . . ; multiples of 16 = 16, 32, 48, 64 . . . . 144 . . . . ; multiples of 18 = 18, 36, 54, 72 . . . . 144 . . . . ) and choose the smallest multiple that is exactly divisible by 12, 16, and 18, i.e., 144.

How to Find the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 by Prime Factorization?

To find the LCM of 12, 16, and 18 using prime factorization, we will find the prime factors, (12 = 2² × 3¹), (16 = 2⁴), and (18 = 2¹ × 3²). LCM of 12, 16, and 18 is the product of prime factors raised to their respective highest exponent among the numbers 12, 16, and 18.
⇒ LCM of 12, 16, 18 = 2⁴ × 3² = 144.

What is the Relation Between GCF and LCM of 12, 16, 18?

The following equation can be used to express the relation between GCF and LCM of 12, 16, 18, i.e. LCM(12, 16, 18) = [(12 × 16 × 18) × GCF(12, 16, 18)]/[GCF(12, 16) × GCF(16, 18) × GCF(12, 18)].

What are the Methods to Find LCM of 12, 16, 18?

The commonly used methods to find the LCM of 12, 16, 18 are:

Listing Multiples
Prime Factorization Method
Division Method

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