Annuity Formula
An annuity formula is used to find the present and future value of an amount. An annuity is a fixed amount of income that is given annually or at regular intervals. An annuity is an agreement with an insurance company in which you make a lump sum payment (one-time big payment) or series of payments and, in return, receive a regular fixed income, beginning either immediately or after some predefined time in the future. The annuity formula is used to find the present and future value of an amount. The annuity formula is explained below along with solved examples.
What is Annuity Formula?
The annuity formula helps in determining the values for annuity payment and annuity due based on the present value of an annuity due, effective interest rate, and several periods. Hence, the formula is based on an ordinary annuity that is calculated based on the present value of an ordinary annuity, effective interest rate, and several periods. The annuity formulas are:
Annuity = r * PVA Ordinary / [1 – (1 + r)-n]
Annuity = r * PVA Due / [{1 – (1 + r)-n} * (1 + r)]
The annuity formula for the present value of an annuity and the future value of an annuity is very helpful in calculating the value quickly and easily. The Annuity Formulas for future value and present value are:
The future value of an annuity, FV = P×((1+r)n−1) / r
The present value of an annuity, PV = P×(1−(1+r)-n) / r
Annuity Formula
The formula is calculated based on two important aspects - The present Value of the Ordinary Annuity and the Present Value of the Due Annuity.
Annuity = r * PVA Ordinary / [1 – (1 + r)-n]
Where,
- PVA Ordinary = Present value of an ordinary annuity
- r = Effective interest rate
- n = Number of periods
Annuity = r * PVA Due / [{1 – (1 + r)-n} * (1 + r)]
Where,
- PVA Due = Present value of an annuity due
- r = Effective interest rate
- n = number of periods
The Annuity Formulas for future value and present value is:
The future value of an annuity, FV = P×((1+r)n−1) / r
The present value of an annuity, PV = P×(1−(1+r)-n) / r
where,
- P = Value of each payment
- r = Rate of interest per period in decimal
- n = Number of periods
Examples Using Annuity Formula
Example 1: Dan was getting $100 for 5 years every year at an interest rate of 5%. Find the future value of this annuity at the end of 5 years? Calculate it by using the annuity formula.
Solution
The future value
Given: r = 0.05, 5 years = 5 yearly payments, so n = 5, and P = $100
FV = P×((1+r)n−1) / r
FV = $100 × ((1+0.05)5−1) / 0.05
FV = 100 × 55.256
FV = $552.56
Therefore, the future value of annuity after the end of 5 years is $552.56.
Example 2: If the present value of the annuity is $20,000. Assuming a monthly interest rate of 0.5%, find the value of each payment after every month for 10 years. Calculate it by using the annuity formula.
Solution:
Given:
r = 0.5% = 0.005
n = 10 years x 12 months = 120, and PV = $20,000
Using formula for present value
PV = P×(1−(1+r)-n) / r
Or, P = PV × ( r / (1−(1+r)−n))
P = $20,000 × (0.005 / (1−(1.005)−120))
P = $20,000 × (0.005/ (1−0.54963))
P = $20,000 × 0.011...
P = $220
Therefore, the value of each payment is $220.
Example 3: Jane won a lottery worth $20,000,000 and has opted for an annuity payment at the end of each year for the next 10 years as a payout option. Determine the amount that Jane will be paid as annuity payment if the constant rate of interest in the market is 5%.
Solution:
Given:
PVA (ordinary) = $20,000,000 (since the annuity to be paid at the end of each year)
r = 5%
n = 10 years
Using the Annuity Formula,
Annuity = r * PVA Ordinary / [1 – (1 + r)-n]
Annuity = 5% × 20000000 / [1 - (1 + 0.05)-10
Annuity = $2,564,102.56
Therefore, Jane will pay an annuity amount of $2,564,102.56
FAQs on Annuity Formula
What is Annuity Formula?
The annuity formula helps in determining the values for annuity payment and annuity due based on the present value of an annuity due, effective interest rate, and several periods. Hence, the formula is based on an ordinary annuity that is calculated based on the present value of an ordinary annuity, effective interest rate, and several periods.
What is the Formula to Calculate Annuity of Ordinary and Due?
The formula is calculated based on two important aspects - The present Value of the Ordinary Annuity and the Present Value of the Due Annuity.
Annuity = r * PVA Ordinary / [1 – (1 + r)-n]
Where,
- PVA Ordinary = Present value of an ordinary annuity
- r = Effective interest rate
- n = Number of periods
Annuity = r * PVA Due / [{1 – (1 + r)-n} * (1 + r)]
Where,
- PVA Due = Present value of an annuity due
- r = Effective interest rate
- n = number of periods
What is the Formula to Calculate Annuity in Present Value and Future Value?
The Annuity Formulas for future value and present value is:
The future value of an annuity, FV = P×((1+r)n−1) / r
The present value of an annuity, PV = P×(1−(1+r)-n) / r
where,
- P = Value of each payment
- r = Rate of interest per period in decimal
- n = Number of periods
What Does Present Value Mean in the Annuity Formula?
The word present value in the annuity formula refers to the amount of money needed today to fund a series of future annuity payments. The value of money over time is worth more as the sum of money received today has greater value than the sum of money received in the future.
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